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目的跟踪调查湛江出口水产品药物残留和微生物控制的情况,为制定出口水产品风险管理计划及分类管理方案提供科学依据。方法对2007~2012年湛江出口水产品的氯霉素、喹诺酮、硝基呋喃代谢物、沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌、单增李斯特菌、对虾病毒等进行检测统计,并对不合格的项目进行分析研究。结果氯霉素、喹诺酮类、硝基呋喃代谢物的检出率分别为0.45%、0.16%、1.9%。氯霉素、喹诺酮类的检出率呈逐年减小的趋势,硝基呋喃代谢物的检出率在2007~2011年呈递减趋势,2012年有上升现象。微生物项目中沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌、单增李斯特菌出现阳性批次减少的现象,副溶血弧菌、对虾病毒的阳性批次呈增加趋势。结论硝基呋喃代谢物、副溶血弧菌、对虾病毒应作为湛江出口水产品的重点检测项目,其他项目可列为监测项目,结合日常监管进行。
Objective To investigate the investigation of drug residues and microbial control of aquatic products exported from Zhanjiang and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of risk management plan and classification management plan for exported aquatic products. Methods The chloramphenicol, quinolone, nitrofuran metabolites, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, Listeria monocytogenes and shrimp virus in Zhanjiang exported aquatic products from 2007 to 2012 were detected and analyzed, and the unqualified items were analyzed the study. Results The detection rates of chloramphenicol, quinolones and nitrofuran were 0.45%, 0.16% and 1.9% respectively. The detection rate of chloramphenicol and quinolones showed a decreasing trend year by year. The detection rate of nitrofurans metabolites showed a decreasing trend from 2007 to 2011, and there was an increase in 2012. Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae and Listeria monocytogenes in the microbiological project showed a decrease of positive batches, while the positive batch of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and shrimp virus showed an increasing trend. Conclusions Nitrofuran metabolites, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and shrimp virus should be regarded as the key detection items of Zhanjiang export aquatic products. Other items may be listed as monitoring items in combination with routine supervision.