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目的分析重庆市巫溪县2010年、2015年人群土源性线虫感染现状及流行趋势,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法选择调查点,以3周岁以上常住居民作为调查对象。采用统一问卷调查人群的基本情况,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查粪便中土源性线虫卵,采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查3~12周岁儿童蛲虫卵。结果与2010年相比,2015年土源性线虫总感染率下降了7.78%(P<0.01),其中蛔虫、鞭虫感染率分别下降了11.31%、1.29%(P<0.05),钩虫感染率上升了4.59%(P<0.01)。2010年以3~9岁年龄组感染率最高,20~30岁年龄组最低,2015年以大于60岁年龄组感染率最高,30~40年龄组最低。2次调查土源性线虫感染率均以文盲最高(分别为24.80%、16.69%),高中及以上最低(分别为10.2%、5%)。2010年感染率前3位为学龄前儿童(21.38%)、学生(20.8%)、农民(17.21%),2015年感染率前3位为农民(10.51%)、学生(8.86%)、学龄前儿童(8%)。结论巫溪县土源性线虫感染率呈下降趋势,农民、老年人、文化程度低人群感染严重,应作为重要防治人群。
Objective To analyze the current situation and epidemic trend of soil-borne nematode infections in 2010 and 2015 in Wuxi County, Chongqing City, and to provide basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select the survey points and the residents over 3 years of age were selected as the survey subjects. The basic situation of the population using a unified questionnaire, the use of improved Kato thick smear method to detect soil egg-shaped nematode eggs, transparent adhesive tape anal swab 3 to 12-year-old children oviposition eggs. Results Compared with 2010, the total infection rate of soil-borne nematodes decreased by 7.78% (P <0.01) in 2015, while the infection rates of Ascaris and Trichuris were 11.31% and 1.29% (P <0.05) respectively. The infection rate of hookworm Increased by 4.59% (P <0.01). In 2010, the infection rate was the highest in the age group of 3 to 9 years old, the lowest in the age group of 20 to 30 years old, the highest infection rate in the age group of over 60 years old in 2015 and the lowest in the age group of 30 to 40 years. The infection rates of soil-borne nematodes were the highest in the two surveys (24.80%, 16.69%, respectively) and the lowest in high school and above (10.2% and 5%, respectively). The top 3 infection rates in 2010 were preschool children (21.38%), students (20.8%) and peasants (17.21%). The top three infection rates in 2015 were peasants (10.51%), students (8.86%), preschool children Children (8%). Conclusion The infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in Wuxi County shows a decreasing trend. Peasants, the elderly and people with low education level have serious infection and should be used as important prevention and treatment population.