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目的：探讨出血性与缺血性脑卒中危险因素的异同。方法：调查表设计参照美国ＮＩＮＤＳ使用的卒中数据库研究方案，结合国情修改而成。由北京市七家医院共同完成。抽取观察样本中首次发病的５５２例卒中进行分析，其中缺血性３６１例，出血性１９１例。结果：结果显示，缺血性卒中组糖尿病、ＴＩＡ、心脏病史明显高于出血性卒中组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。本人高血压史在出血性和缺血性卒中两组中分别占６２．８％和５９．０％。入院时血压：出血性组显著高于缺血性组。血糖均值女性缺血性卒中高于出血性卒中患者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。缺血性卒中组血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯较高。其中男性甘油三酯两组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而低密度脂蛋白均值女性出血性卒中组高于缺血性卒中组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：高血压在出血性和缺血性卒中发病中具有同等重要作用；糖尿病、ＴＩＡ、心脏病增加缺血性卒中的危险；血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯增高与缺血性卒中发生有关；低密度脂蛋白增高可能与出血性卒中有关
Objective: To explore the similarities and differences between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke risk factors. Methodology: The questionnaire design is based on the stroke database research program used by NINDS in the United States, combined with the national conditions. Seven hospitals in Beijing jointly completed. A total of 552 stroke patients were included in the observation sample for the first time, of which 361 were ischemic and 191 were hemorrhagic. Results: The results showed that the incidence of diabetes, TIA and heart disease in ischemic stroke group was significantly higher than that in hemorrhagic stroke group (P <0.05 ~ 0.01). My history of hypertension is 62.8% and 59.0% in the two groups of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, respectively. Blood pressure at admission: Hemorrhagic group was significantly higher than ischemic group. Blood glucose mean female ischemic stroke was higher in hemorrhagic stroke patients (P <0.01). Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in ischemic stroke group. Male triglycerides in which the two groups were significantly different (P <0.05). However, the LDL averages were higher in female hemorrhagic stroke group than in ischemic stroke group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Hypertension plays an equally important role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. Diabetes, TIA and heart disease increase the risk of ischemic stroke. The increase of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride is associated with ischemic stroke. Increased density lipoprotein may be related to hemorrhagic stroke