乡镇集体土地所有权直接源于过去的人民公社所有权。目前,乡镇集体土地所有权主体虚置和缺失,乡镇政府成为该所有权事实上的代表,导致乡镇政府职能混淆,公权与私权不分,也使基层干部“一大二公”思想难以消除,集权式管理模式在农村得以继续;而且这种所有权从管理成本、行使效果来看,其效益都极低,应予变革,将乡镇集体的土地分别实现国有、村集体、村民小组集体所有。 Township collective land ownership directly from the people’s communes in the past ownership. At present, the main body of collective land ownership in towns and villages is empty and missing, and the township and town government becomes the de facto representative of the ownership. As a result, the functions of township and town government are confused and the public and private rights are not divided. It also makes it difficult for the grassroots cadres to " The centralized management mode can be continued in the rural areas; moreover, this kind of ownership has very low benefits in terms of management costs and exercising effects, and should be changed. The collectively owned land of the townships and townships will be collectively owned by the state-owned and village collectives and villager groups.