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目的了解河南省济源市2001年—2010年麻疹的流行病学特征,为制定消除麻疹措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,运用电脑软件SPSS13.0进行流行病学分析。结果 2001年以来麻疹疫情波动,报告疑似病例280例,确诊120例,实验室排除160例。麻疹病例中本地人口和流动人口分别占麻疹总病例数的70%和30%。8个月龄～14岁病例占总病例数的65.83%,病例分布存在明显地区差异,外来流动人口多的地区发病率高。免疫空白存在是麻疹发病的主要原因。结论加强外来人口的管理,采取常规免疫、强化免疫、查漏补种相结合的免疫策略及疫情监测是实现消除麻疹目标的主要策略。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jiyuan City of Henan Province from 2001 to 2010 and provide a scientific basis for making measles elimination measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to carry out epidemiological analysis using computer software SPSS13.0. Results The measles epidemic fluctuated since 2001, with 280 reported suspected cases, 120 confirmed cases and 160 cases excluded from the laboratory. Measles cases in the local population and migrants accounted for 70% and 30% of the total number of measles cases. The age of 8 months to 14 years accounted for 65.83% of the total number of cases. There were obvious regional differences in the distribution of cases, and the incidence of migrant population was high. The existence of immune blanket is the main reason for the onset of measles. Conclusion Strengthening the management of migrant population and adopting the routine immunization, intensive immunization, combined immunization strategy and epidemic situation monitoring are the main strategies to eliminate measles target.