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针对环境保护和能源开发之间的矛盾,在分析水电能源系统生态环境的基础上,基于综合指数法思想,建立了动植物生态用水、工农业生活用水、污染净化用水等生态指标,配合水电站发电、灌溉、防洪效益要求,建立了水电能源生态系统的模型,并分别研究了在非固定生态指标和固定生态指标的条件下,水电站的运行状况。仿真结果表明,在非固定指标状况下运行时,10~20 s由于水位降低和一定的波动导致指标的下降和波动;20~30 s水量较多,对生态环境有利,指标接近1;30~40 s小旱,但是由于配水比较合理,指标也接近1;40~50 s大旱期间,生态水量不足,指标最低为0.5。在固定生态指标状况下运行时,生态指标固定为1、0.95、1、1、0.7、1对应6个阶段,输出结果与预期数据基本一致。综合指数思想在建模仿真中的应用是科学、合理并且可行的。同时,所建立仿真模型对解决水电站的经济运行和环境保护之间矛盾的具有重要的理论与实践双重意义。
In view of the contradiction between environmental protection and energy development, based on the analysis of the ecological environment of hydropower energy system, based on the idea of synthetic index method, ecological indicators such as animal and plant ecological water, industrial and agricultural domestic water and pollution purification water are established, , Irrigation and flood control efficiency requirements, a model of hydropower energy ecosystem was established, and the operation status of hydropower plants under non-fixed ecological indicators and fixed ecological indicators was studied respectively. The simulation results show that the indexes decrease and fluctuate within 10 ~ 20 s due to the decrease of water level and some fluctuations when operating under the condition of non-fixed indexes. The water quantity is more from 20 to 30 s, which is beneficial to the ecological environment and the index is close to 1; However, due to the reasonable water distribution, the index is also close to 1. During the 40 ~ 50 s drought period, the ecological water quantity is insufficient and the minimum index is 0.5. In the condition of fixed ecological indicators, the ecological indicators are fixed at 1,0.95,1,1,0.7,1 corresponding to 6 stages, and the output results are basically consistent with the expected data. The application of synthetic index in modeling and simulation is scientific, reasonable and feasible. At the same time, the established simulation model has important significance both in theory and practice to solve the contradiction between economic operation and environmental protection of hydropower station.