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目的了解山东省东营市农村≥15岁男性甲流知识认知情况及其影响因素,为有效开展健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机的多阶段抽样方法,采用自行设计的调查表进行资料收集,对54个村的男性居民进行调查。结果本次调查共发放问卷943份,其中有效调查问卷880份,有效率为93.32%;被调查人群年龄为15～87岁,平均年龄为(47.73±15.06)岁;调查对象对甲流的主要症状、流行病学、预防和治疗措施等相关知识掌握较差,正确回答率均<50%,总体平均得分为(5.49±4.54)分;其中甲流的典型症状、自我预防措施和治疗措施回答正确的分别有21,52,115人,正确率分别为2.4%,5.9%,13.1%;对甲流能束否治愈回答正确的有658人,正确率较高,为74.8%;年龄越高、文化程度越低、对卫生宣传教育越不关注,则甲流知识得分越低,对甲流的认知越差。结论东营市农村男性居民对甲流的认知水平不高,应加强宣传教育,提高其健康意识。
Objective To understand the cognitive status of Influenza A and its influential factors in ≥15-year-old male in rural Dongying, Shandong Province, and to provide basis for effective health education. Methods A stratified cluster randomized multi-stage sampling method was used to collect data by using a self-designed questionnaire to investigate male residents in 54 villages. Results A total of 943 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, of which 880 were valid questionnaires with an effective rate of 93.32%. The surveyed population aged 15-87 yielded a mean age of (47.73 ± 15.06) years; The relevant knowledge of symptoms, epidemiology, prevention and treatment measures was poor, the correct answer rate was <50% and the overall average score was (5.49 ± 4.54) points. The typical symptoms, self-prevention measures and treatment responses Correctly, respectively, there are 21,52,115 people, the correct rates were 2.4%, 5.9%, 13.1%; the correct answer to the flow of a beam of 658 people, the correct rate is high, 74.8%; higher age, culture The lower the degree, the less attention to health education and publicity, then the lower the knowledge flow A, the worse cognitive A flow. Conclusion Male rural residents in Dongying City have a low level of cognition of Influenza A, and publicity and education should be strengthened to raise their awareness of health.