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目的为了解大连市5岁以下儿童死亡的现状及变化趋势,分析5岁以下儿童死亡的原因,进一步控制和降低全市5岁以下儿童死亡率,制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法根据《辽宁省5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案》,对大连市2009~2013年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行死亡率、构成比、死亡顺位等相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果大连市5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降趋势;死亡年龄越小所占比例越高;5岁以下儿童死因顺位前5位分别为:先天性心脏病、早产低出生体重、出生窒息、其他先天异常、其他新生儿疾病。结论加强围产期保健管理,预防早产和低出生体重,加强出生缺陷预防,降低婴儿特别是新生儿的死亡率是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
Objective To understand the status and trends of death among children under 5 years in Dalian, analyze the causes of death among children under 5 years of age, further control and reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in the city, and provide scientific basis for the intervention measures. Methods According to the “Death Monitoring Program for Children Under 5 in Liaoning Province”, the related factors such as death rate, constituent ratio, death sequence and so on were retrospectively analyzed in the monitoring data of deaths of children under 5 years old in Dalian from 2009 to 2013. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Dalian was declining year by year. The death rate of the children under 5 years old was higher than that of children under 5 years old. The top 5 causes of death among children under 5 years old were congenital heart disease, low birth weight premature birth, birth asphyxia, Other congenital abnormalities, other neonatal diseases. Conclusions Strengthening perinatal care management, preventing premature birth and low birth weight, strengthening birth defects prevention, and reducing infant and especially neonatal mortality are the keys to reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.