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目的探讨等能量摄食条件下不同膳食脂肪供能比对大鼠血糖和血脂等指标的影响。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠按随机区组法分为低脂饲料、普通饲料、中脂饲料和高脂饲料组4组,等能量饲喂脂肪供能比分别为5%、15%、25%、40%的饲料10周。每周测大鼠体重和体长,第0、5和10周取尾血测空腹血糖、血脂和胰岛素水平,第10周末取肾周及附睾周脂肪称重,计算体脂比。结果实验第5、10周,大鼠体重、Lee’s指数、体脂比、血清胰岛素和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平在各组间差异无统计学意义;第10周,高脂组血糖与低脂组相比显著升高(P<0.01);高脂组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与低脂组相比显著降低(P<0.01);第10周,高脂组血糖与0周相比升高(P<0.05),高脂组总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与0周相比降低(P<0.01)。结论在等能量摄食、正常生长条件下,高脂肪供能比饲料不会引起大鼠肥胖,但可能会导致大鼠糖脂水平的改变。
Objective To investigate the effects of different dietary fat to energy ratio on blood glucose, blood lipid and other indexes of rats under equal energy feeding conditions. Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: low fat diet, normal diet, medium fat diet and high fat diet. The energy supply ratio of fat was 5%, 15%, 25 %, 40% feed for 10 weeks. Body weight and body length were measured every week. Fasting blood glucose, lipids and insulin were taken from the tail blood at the 0th, 5th and 10th weeks. Peripheral fat in the kidney and epididymis was weighed at the 10th week to calculate body fat ratio. Results There was no significant difference in body weight, Lee’s index, body fat ratio, serum insulin and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between the 5 and 10 weeks of the experiment. At 10 weeks, (P <0.01). The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in high fat diet group were significantly lower than those in low fat diet group (P <0.01) (P <0.05). The levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in high fat diet group were lower than those in 0 week (P <0.01). Conclusion Under the conditions of equal energy intake and normal growth, high-fat feeding does not cause obesity in rats than the feed, but may lead to the change of glycolipid level in rats.