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违法行政行为治愈制度是大陆法系国家的制度。英美法系国家虽然没有冠以治愈名称的制度,但却存在着类似的理论和实践。无论大陆法系抑或英美法系国家,对违法行政行为,均非一概撤销,否定其法律效力。基本一致的做法是,对违法行为追求的公益与其侵害的法益比较,根据优先保护的利益决定违法行为的法律后果。在此基础上,除法国外的大陆法系国家或地区多采取成文立法规定治愈的进路,而法国及英美法系国家则依靠判例形成了另一条进路。我国应通过成文立法明确规定治愈制度。
The system of cure of the illegal administrative act is the system of civil law countries. Although there is no such system in Anglo-American legal system as the name of cure, there are similar theories and practices. No matter whether the civil law system or the Anglo-American legal system countries, on the illegal administrative acts, are not all cancel, denying its legal effect. Basically, the common law is to compare the legal benefits of the public good and the infringement sought by the illegal acts, and determine the legal consequences of the illegal acts according to the priority protection interests. On this basis, the civil law countries and regions outside France adopt more enacted statutory provisions to cure the problem. However, the French and Anglo-American countries have relied on the precedents to form another approach. Our country should clearly stipulate the cure system through written legislation.