杂交水稻在我国南方稻区试种成功,并正在迅速推广。目前,摆在育种工作者面前的一项重要任务是,怎样通过对不同杂交组合的杂种F_1配合力的测定,找出影响杂交水稻组合产量的主要因子,积极选育早熟高产的组合,以适应长江流域作早稻栽培。为此,我所对野败型各类杂交水稻组合的生育期、结实率及产量表现进行了初步的鉴定,结合几年来我所杂交水稻三系选育工作的实践,对影响杂交水稻组合产量的内在因子及选育早熟恢复系的途径提出以下几个问题进行讨论。(一)关子影响杂交水稻组合产量的因子问题。杂交水稻,在生育上表现有较强的优势,因而能获得较高的产量。但是,不同恢 Hybrid rice was planted successfully in the rice planting area in southern China and is rapidly being popularized. At present, it is an important task for breeders to find out the main factors that affect the yield of hybrid rice F1 through the determination of the combining ability of hybrid F_1 for different hybrid combinations, and actively select combinations with high yield of early maturity to adapt Yangtze River Basin for early rice cultivation. To this end, I conducted a preliminary identification on the growth, seed setting rate and yield performance of all kinds of wild-type hybrid rice combinations. Combined with the practice of three-line selection of hybrid rice in the past few years, The internal factors and the breeding of early restorer lines to raise the following questions for discussion. (A) Guanzi factors affecting hybrid rice yield. Hybrid rice has a strong advantage in reproduction and thus can achieve higher yield. However, different recovery