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随着农村经济的改革,农民专业化程度提高,土地向种田能手集中,农业机械化生产比例和农用化学物质的品种增加,机械饲养业和农副产品加工业也发展很快。传统的农业正在向现代农业转化,农业机械作业对劳动卫生工作的需要,显得更加迫切。 机械化农业生产,使农民能量消耗下降,工效和农产品增加,然而它的伤害事故亦随之增多。国外统计,农业有关的伤害,几乎在国家全部职业事故中,仅次于矿工,列第二位。机器越大,速度越快,特别是操纵传动工具时尤甚。国外估计农业工人受危害人数为16400万,还不包括大量的季节工,其死亡率为0.1～0.4‰;非致死性农业伤害,印度发生率为
With the reform of the rural economy, the degree of specialization of peasants has been raised, the land has been concentrated among farming experts, the proportion of agricultural mechanized production and varieties of agrochemicals have increased, and the machinery industry and the agricultural and sideline products processing industry have also developed rapidly. The traditional agriculture is transforming into modern agriculture. The need of agricultural machinery for labor and health work is even more urgent. Mechanization of agricultural production, so that farmers reduce energy consumption, ergonomics and agricultural products increased, but it also increased the number of injuries. Foreign statistics, agricultural-related injuries, ranked second only to miners in almost all occupational accidents in the country. The bigger the machine, the faster the speed, especially when handling transmission tools. Abroad estimated that the number of agricultural workers harmed 164 million, does not include a large number of seasonal workers, the mortality rate of 0.1 ~ 0.4 ‰; non-fatal agricultural injury in India was