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目的探讨大气混合污染对高血压(SHR/NCrl)大鼠呼吸道菌群健康效应的作用机制。方法通过模拟现实大气污染及混合气体染毒,建立急性暴露于大气污染的低、中、高浓度的动物模型,对染尘染毒前后SHR大鼠口咽部及呼吸道黏膜生物菌群的分布状况进行定性、定量、定位的检测,对其呼吸道微生态变化的趋势进行动态研究。结果染尘染毒后SHR大鼠的需氧菌、厌氧菌致病菌的检出率分别为71.8%和20.7%,高于染尘染毒前的0.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在厌氧菌的检出率中,染尘染毒前SHR大鼠呼吸道内未检测出破伤风杆菌(Tetanus bacillus)和死亡梭菌(Fusobacterium mortiferum),而染尘染毒后分别在28只、5只SHR大鼠中分别检测出此两种菌;厌氧菌属中的韦荣球菌属(Veillonella spp)检出率为53.1%与染尘染毒前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。染尘染毒后需氧菌中的条件致病菌数量开始增加,检出率也随之上升。检出结果表明,染尘染毒后机体内菌群数量和种类发生了变化。结论 PM_(2.5)作为有害物质的载体,当随着呼吸进入人体呼吸道内时,会引起机体呼吸道正常菌群的紊乱,使致病菌易于定植且检出率上升,影响机体健康。
Objective To investigate the mechanism of air pollution in the respiratory tract flora of hypertension (SHR / NCrl) rats. Methods The animal models of low, medium and high concentrations of acute exposure to air pollution were established by simulating the actual air pollution and mixed gas exposure. The distribution of biological flora in the oropharynx and respiratory mucosa of SHR rats before and after exposure to dust Qualitative, quantitative, and location of the detection, the dynamic changes of the respiratory tract micro-ecological trends. Results The detection rates of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria in SHR rats were 71.8% and 20.7%, respectively, higher than those of 0.6% before exposure to dust, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In the detection rate of anaerobic bacteria, Tetanus bacillus and Fusobacterium mortiferum were not detected in the respiratory tract of SHR rats before exposure to dust, while 28 of them were exposed to dust and dust, respectively. The two strains were detected in 5 SHR rats. The detection rate of Veillonella spp in anaerobic bacteria was 53.1%, which was significantly higher than that before exposure to dust (P <0.05 ). The number of pathogenic bacteria in aerobic bacteria after the infection of dust began to increase, and the detection rate also increased. The results showed that the number and types of bacteria in the body changed after the infection with dust. Conclusion As a carrier of harmful substances, PM_ (2.5) can cause the disorder of normal flora of respiratory tract when inhaling into the airway of the human body with respiration. It makes the pathogens easy to colonize and the detection rate rises, affecting the health of the body.