宋辽金元，时间跨度达４５０余年，从历史的长河上看．这段时期乱多宁少，是中国从强盛走向衰落的时期。究其原因，两宋的“积贫积弱”难辞其咎。而之所以积贫积弱，又在很大程度上应归咎于所谓“三冗”（冗员冗兵冗费）的长期存在。冗员冗兵（庞大的统治阶级队伍和庞大而没有 Liao and Jin Song, the time span of 450 years, from the perspective of the history of the river. This period chaos more and less, is China from strong to declining period. The reason, the two Song “poor and weak” hard to blame. The reason why poverty and weakness are weak is due in large part to the long-standing existence of the so-called “triple-redundant” task. Redundant troops (large ruling class and huge but not