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雾化水流是水利枢纽高速泄流时所形成的一种非自然降雨与水雾弥漫现象,其对高水头、大流量、复杂地质条件的水利枢纽安全运行的潜在威胁很大.通过实验研究及数值模拟对雾流降雨雨滴的粒径分布进行了探讨;采用基于水深平均的平面二维数学模型对雾流降雨在坡面上生成的流动进行了数值模拟,并特别关注了雾流降雨局域分布对坡面径流的影响.研究成果表明:1)雾流降雨雨滴中值粒径沿水舌风方向具有先沿程增大,达到最大值后再沿程逐渐减小的变化趋势,且其达到最大值的纵向位置与降雨强度达到最大值的纵向位置并不重合;雾流降雨雨滴中值粒径沿垂直于水舌风方向呈单调递减的趋势.2)雾流降雨因集中在局部区域,与自然降雨形成的坡面径流相比,其产流达到稳定的历时要高于自然降雨;水深与流速沿纵、横向变化的幅度要高于自然降雨,降雨强度大的区域水深与流速也大.
Atomized water flow is a kind of unnatural rainfall and water mist diffused during the high-speed discharge of a water complex, which poses a potential threat to the safe operation of a water complex with high water head, large flow and complex geological conditions. Through experimental studies and Numerical simulation is used to study the particle size distribution of rainfall and raindrops. The plane-two-dimensional mathematical model based on water depth and depth is used to simulate the flow generated by the fog on the slope. In particular, The results show that: 1) The mean particle diameter of rainfall raindrops in wet fog has the following trend: the first one increases along the direction of Tongue wind and reaches the maximum and then decreases gradually along the course; The longitudinal position which reached the maximum value did not coincide with the longitudinal position where the rainfall intensity reached the maximum value; the median diameter of the rainfall rain drops monotonically decreased along the direction perpendicular to the water tongue wind.2) The fog rainfall was concentrated in the local area , Compared with the runoff formed by natural rainfall, the runoff reached a stable duration is higher than natural rainfall; depth and flow along the vertical and horizontal changes in amplitude is higher than the natural rainfall, rainfall intensity Regional water depth and velocity is also large.