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食管癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,病理类型主要分为鳞癌和腺癌。二者在流行病学、发病机理、生物学行为等方面均有不同的表现,因此针对不同的病理类型应采取不同的治疗方法。尽管根治性手术作为可切除局部晚期食管鳞癌的主要治疗方式,但单纯手术预后差,需要寻求更为有效的治疗方法来降低术后复发及转移。目前学者们普遍认同可手术切除的食管腺癌可采取术前新辅助化疗或术前新辅助同步化放疗的治疗方法,但东西方国家在选择食管鳞癌最优治疗策略的问题上,仍然存在诸多争议。
Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in our country, the pathological type is mainly divided into squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Both have different manifestations in epidemiology, pathogenesis, biological behavior and so on, so different treatments should be taken for different pathological types. Although radical surgery as resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of the main treatment, but the simple surgical prognosis is poor, need to find more effective treatment to reduce postoperative recurrence and metastasis. At present, scholars generally agree that surgical resection of esophageal adenocarcinoma can take preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy or preoperative neoadjuvant synchrotron radiation therapy, but the East and West countries in the selection of the optimal treatment strategy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma still exists A lot of controversy.