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INTRODUCTION Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a kind of malformation resulting in the abnormal vessels between pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein.Part of pulmonary arterial blood flows into pulmonary veins through the fistula and then arrives at left atrium,inducing the right-to-left shunt.Moreover,the emboli and bacteria can also flow directly through the PAVF into systemic circulation,which can cause thromboembolic diseases such as stroke.