论文部分内容阅读
热量资源的时空特征是影响双季稻种植布局的主要气候因素.为了分析近52年长江中下游主要双季稻区热量资源的变化特征及其对双季稻种植的影响,本研究选取湖南、江西和湖北3省作为双季稻代表性研究区域,根据3省240个气象站1961—2012年的地面气象观测资料,利用气候倾向率及突变分析等方法,分析研究区双季稻温度生长期的热量资源和双季稻的安全生长期的演变规律,在此基础上分析研究时段内不同水稻品种搭配布局及种植北界的变迁.结果表明:近52年双季稻温度生长期及安全生长期的热量资源均呈明显增多趋势,其中,双季稻生长期及安全生长期的热量资源由寡至多的突变点均出现在2000年;双季早稻安全播种期提前3~7 d、双季晚稻安全齐穗期延后2 d,双季稻安全生长期平均延长7 d;双季稻种植北界明显北移了200 km左右,至33°N附近;同时,双季稻品种搭配由“早熟早稻+中熟晚稻”和“中熟早稻+中熟晚稻”向“中熟早稻+晚熟晚稻”转变.长江中下游双季稻区热量资源的增加为双季稻种植北界北移、中晚熟品种替代早中熟品种提供了可能.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of heat resources are the main climatic factors that affect the planting layout of double cropping paddy.In order to analyze the variation characteristics of caloric resources in the main double cropping rice in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River in the recent 52 years and its impact on double cropping rice planting, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces were selected as representative study areas for double cropping rice. Based on the meteorological observation data of 240 meteorological stations in three provinces from 1961 to 2012, the climate change rate and mutation analysis were used to analyze the temperature growth period And the evolution of double cropping rice during its safe growth period, and on the basis of the analysis of the collocation of different rice cultivars and the change of planting northern boundary during the study period.The results showed that in the recent 52 years, the temperature growth period and the safe growth of double cropping rice During the period of double cropping rice and during its safe growth period, most of the caloric resources in the double cropping rice appeared from 2000 to the lowest in 2000, while the safe seeding period of double cropping early rice was 3-7 days in advance, In late rice, the heading stage of heading date was delayed for 2 days, and the duration of double-season rice growth was extended by an average of 7 days. The northern boundary of double cropping rice obviously moved about 200 km to the north of 33 ° N. At the same time, “early Mature early rice + middle late rice ”and “ moderately mature early rice + middle late rice ”to “ middle mature early rice + late late rice ”The increase of caloric resources in double cropping rice in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River is double cropping rice planting north Boundaries northward shift, late maturing varieties to replace early maturing varieties may provide.