近代中外的历史都证明,任何一个国家在早期经济现代化的发展过程中,政府与民间工商业者亦即官与商之间的关系如何,对于国家的现代化进程以及工商业的发展,都有着极为重要的影响。官与商合作的失败,其结果不仅导致民营资本的巨大损失,也造成国家经济发展遭受顿挫。晚清时期中国的第一次官与商合作致力经济发展的失败历史,即是一次极为深刻的教训。 The history of both China and foreign countries proves that in the process of early economic modernization in any country, the relationship between government and non-governmental industrial and commercial enterprises, that is, the relationship between officials and merchants, is extremely important to the modernization of the country and to the development of industry and commerce influences. The failure of officials and business cooperation resulted in not only the huge loss of private capital but also the frustration of the country’s economic development. It is an extremely profound lesson that the history of the failure of China’s first government-to-business cooperation in the late Qing period to devote itself to economic development.