本文综述激光计测海水温度、盐度、声速、深度、风速、风向、波等海洋环境参数和监测海洋油污染、海水中的悬浮颗粒的原理、方法、装置和国外发展水平。 This paper reviews the principles, methods and devices of laser measurement of marine environmental parameters such as seawater temperature, salinity, sound velocity, depth, wind speed, wind direction and wave, as well as the monitoring of marine oil pollution and suspended particles in seawater.