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我国从1979年起,相继对20多种蔬菜作物采用塑料薄膜地面覆盖栽培,收到了早熟、增产的显著效果。尤其在冬干、春寒又出现“倒春寒”地区,使用此种栽培法,效果更为突出,同时又填补了淡季,因而示范推广面积不断扩大,我省示范推广面积迄今已近1,100亩。根据国内外有关蔬菜塑料薄膜地面覆盖栽培试验报导,其优点及存在的问题综述如下。一、优点:①能提高早期土温。在距地表10厘米深处,土温显著提高,但在地表5厘米以土则与对照差异不大。②保持土壤水分。生长前期,植株未封垄前含水量比对照高。③提高土壤含氧量。覆盖处理,土壤疏松,容重较小,雨后含氧量较对照高1—2％。④提高空间光能量10.5％,
Since 1979, China has successively cultivated over 20 kinds of vegetable crops with plastic film covering and received remarkable results of early maturity and increased yield. Especially in the winter and winter, there are “cold in spring” areas. With this cultivation method, the effect is more prominent and the off-season is also filled. As a result, the demonstration area has been expanded continuously. The area for demonstration and promotion in our province has so far reached 1,100 mu. According to domestic and foreign reports on the cultivation of vegetable plastic film covering the ground, the advantages and problems are summarized below. First, the advantages: ① can improve early soil temperature. At a depth of 10 centimeters from the surface, the soil temperature increased significantly, but the difference of 5 centimeters in soil to that of the control was not significant. ② keep the soil moisture. In the early stage of growth, the water content of the plants before sealing was higher than that of the control. ③ improve soil oxygen content. Covering treatment, loose soil, small bulk density, oxygen content after the rain higher than the control 1-2%. ④ increase space light energy 10.5%