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自从启动市场经济以来,中国仅用30年时间就摆脱赤贫,成为世界上头号出口大国。这种巨变来得太过迅速,以致出现有关中国对美国和世界其他地方带来挑战和机遇的种种谬误和误解。1.中国很快将超过美国成为世界上最强大的经济体。皮尤研究中心去年一项民调显示,44%的美国人认为中国已是世界第一经济强国,而27%的人认为美国才是。这种看法跟事实完全相悖。今年中国经济产出预计为5万亿美元,仍只及美国经济规模的1/3。中国经济规模之所以巨大,原因在于有13亿人口。但中国的人均国内生产总值只有美国的1/7。就生活水平而言,差距更大。
Since starting a market economy, China has emerged from absolute poverty in only 30 years and has become the number-one exporter in the world. That change has come so quickly that there have been many fallacies and misconceptions about China’s challenges and opportunities to the United States and the rest of the world. 1. China will overtake the United States soon to become the most powerful economy in the world. A poll conducted by the Pew Research Center last year showed that 44% of Americans think China is already the world’s No.1 economic power while 27% think the United States is. This view is completely contrary to the facts. This year, China’s economic output is estimated to be 5 trillion U.S. dollars, still only 1/3 of the U.S. economy. The reason why China’s economy is so huge is that it has a population of 1.3 billion. However, China’s per capita GDP is only 1/7 of that of the United States. In terms of living standards, the gap is even greater.