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基于微观调查数据,采用基尼系数分解方法,对重点国有林区职工家庭收入差距及其变化进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:天保工程实施以后,林区职工收入提高的同时,职工家庭间的基尼系数持续降低。在所有的收入来源中,工资收入和退休金收入对基尼系数做出了主要的贡献。从收入差距的来源变化来看,结构效应和收入集中效应都起到了降低重点国有林区职工家庭间收入不均等的作用,但是,后者对基尼系数的下降贡献更大。工资收入的结构效应和收入集中效应都起到了降低收入不均等的作用,而退休金收入只有收入集中效应降低了收入不均等。需要注意的是,政府转移收入没有起到降低收入不均等的作用,反而促进了收入不均等的扩大。
Based on the micro-survey data, the Gini coefficient decomposition method was used to empirically analyze the income gap and its changes in the state-owned forest areas. The results show that: after the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project, while the income of forest workers increased, the Gini coefficient of employees’ families continued to decrease. Among all sources of income, wage income and pension income make a major contribution to the Gini coefficient. From the source change of income gap, both structural effect and income concentration effect have played an important role in reducing income inequality between family members and workers in key state-owned forest areas. However, the latter contribute more to the decline of Gini coefficient. Both the structural effect of wage income and the effect of income concentration have played a role in reducing income inequality, while only the effect of income concentration on pension funds reduces the income inequality. It should be noted that the transfer of government revenue did not play a role in reducing income inequality, but to promote the expansion of income inequality.