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目的了解祁东县健康人群流脑带菌状况和免疫水平,预测流脑发病的趋势,为流脑的防控提供依据。方法按照《全国流行性脑脊髓膜炎监测方案》要求开展流脑监测工作,采集<1岁、1～2岁、3～4岁、5～6岁、7～14岁、15～19岁、≥20岁7个年龄组人群的咽拭子及静脉血,分别进行健康人群带菌调查及人群抗体水平检测。结果祁东县健康人群检测出C群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌(简称Nm)1株,总带菌率为0.42%(1/240)。健康人群A群流脑IgG抗体阳性率93.64%(206/220),C群流脑IgG抗体阳性率82.73%(182/220)。结论祁东县健康人群Nm带菌率较低,A群和C群流脑IgG抗体的阳性率维持在较高水平,出现A群或C群流脑暴发流行的可能性不大。小于3岁年龄组健康人群C群抗体阳性率低,提示今后祁东县应提高A+C群流脑结合疫苗的接种率,以达到保护小于3岁年龄组人群的目的。
Objective To understand the status of streptococcal carriage and immunization in healthy population of Qidong County and predict the trend of developing meningococcal infection in order to provide basis for prevention and control of meningitis. Methods According to the national epidemic meningococcal surveillance program, we carried out the monitoring of meningococcal meningitis in our hospital. We collected the blood samples from patients aged <1 year, 1 to 2 years, 3 to 4 years, 5 to 6 years, 7 to 14 years, 15 to 19 years, Throat swabs and venous blood of people aged ≥20 years and seven age groups were tested for the carriage of healthy people and antibody levels in the crowd respectively. Results One group of Neisseria meningitides group C (Nm) was detected in healthy population in Qidong County with a total carrier rate of 0.42% (1/240). In group A, the positive rate of IgG in group A was 93.64% (206/220), while that in group C was 82.73% (182/220). Conclusion The prevalence of Nm in healthy population in Qidong County is low, and the positive rate of IgG antibody in the meningococcal and cerebrospinal fluid of Group A and Group C remains at a high level. It is unlikely that outbreaks of meningitis occur in Group A or Group C meningitis. The positive rate of C antibody in healthy population less than 3 years old is low, suggesting that in future Qidong County should increase the vaccination rate of A + C meningococcal conjugate vaccine in order to protect the population less than 3 years of age.