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目的调查四川省阿坝州壤塘县南木达乡中心学校儿童大骨节病新发病情况。方法选择阿坝州壤塘县南木达乡中心学校4～16岁97名儿童(4个年级冬季在校学生)进行调查。由副高以上高年资骨科医师进行查体,并统一编号,填写调查登记表。对全部儿童进行手部X线摄片,X线片由来自四川省疾病预防控制中心、四川大学华西医院骨科、影像科、风湿免疫科及小儿外科共10人组成阅片专家组共同判读。结果97名儿童中9名手部X线片有阳性改变,63名7～12岁儿童阳性检出率为11.1%,其中干骺端阳性检出率为3.17%(2/63),骨端阳性检出率为6.35%(4/63),骨骺阳性检出率为4.76%(3/63)。结论四川阿坝壤塘县南木达乡中心学校基本控制了大骨节病儿童新发病情,但仍需继续采取综合防治措施。对于今后的调查研究,建议按照年龄对儿童进行分类,采用先进的X线机和数字化成像系统;建议下调儿童观察年龄,将5～6岁儿童纳入监测范围;建议成立固定的阅片组及阅片专家,并在一定时间内保持相对稳定。
Objective To investigate the new incidence of Kaschin-Beck disease in children school in Namdam Township, Rangtang County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Methods A total of 97 children aged 4 to 16 years (4 winter school students in winter) from Nanmu Da Township School, Dangtang County, Aba County were selected for investigation. Senior vice orthophori orthopedic physicians for physical examination, and uniform number, fill in the registration form. Hand X-rays were performed on all children. X-rays were read by a panel of 10 experts from Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Orthopedics, Imaging, Rheumatology and Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Results Nine of the 97 children had positive X-ray findings of hands, and the positive rate of 63 children aged 7 to 12 was 11.1%. The positive rate of metaphyseal metaplasia was 3.17% (2/63) The detection rate was 6.35% (4/63). The positive detection rate of epiphysis was 4.76% (3/63). Conclusion South Muda Township Central School, Rangtang County, Aba County, Sichuan Province basically controlled the new onset of Kashin-Beck disease. However, comprehensive prevention and control measures should still be taken. For future research, it is recommended for children classified by age, the use of advanced X-ray machines and digital imaging systems; recommend lowered Child Watch of age, children 5 to 6 years of age included in the scope of monitoring; proposed the establishment of a fixed interpretation set and read Film experts, and in a certain period of time remained relatively stable.