涂色问题既是排列组合学习中的一个难点,更是各类数学竞赛的一个热点,其呈现形式常见有带形、框形、环形和锥形涂色问题．本文在个案研究的基础上给出以上类型的一般解法． The problem of coloring is not only a difficult point in permutation and combination learning, but also a hot spot in various mathematics competitions. Its presentation forms often have the problems of banding, frame, ring and cone coloring. This article gives a general solution to the above types based on case studies.