一、引言职务发明作为发明创造的一项典型构成类别,其制度设置将对技术创新和经济发展产生重大影响;职务发明人创新积极性的高低,直接决定着职务发明的数量与质量。而任何一项制度安排,都体现诸多利益权衡博弈的结果;不同的制度取舍,取决于立法的价值定位。在创新发明与专利实施活动中智力因素起决定性作用,因而发明人积极 I. INTRODUCTION As a typical constituent category of invention and creation, service invention has a significant impact on technological innovation and economic development. The innovation and motivation of service inventors directly determines the quantity and quality of service inventions. However, any one institutional arrangement embodies the result of many tradeoffs of interests; the choice of different systems depends on the value orientation of legislation. Intellectual factors play a decisive role in innovation inventions and patent enforcement activities, and thus inventors are active