造成食道缺损的原因很多,常见的有:食道癌切除术后,外伤后造成的颈段或胸段食道的狭窄或闭锁,化学性烧伤等。修复食管的缺损,是一种比较复杂且难度较高的手术方法,特别是颈段食管和颈胸段食管缺损的修复因位置高就更加困难。胃代食道术:近年来国内多采用此种术式,即将胃带蒂上移,与食管上段残口相吻合,此种方法将胃提到胸腔或者接近咽部,可发生反流性食管炎和呕吐等后遗症。也有的病例因胃上移困难,而使吻合口张力较大易产生吻合口瘘,致使手术失败。肠带食道术:是将带蒂的空肠段或结肠 Causes of esophageal defects for many reasons, common are: esophageal cancer resection, trauma caused by cervical or thoracic esophageal stenosis or atresia, chemical burns and so on. Repair of esophageal defects, is a more complicated and difficult surgical methods, especially the esophageal and cervical thoracic esophageal defect repair due to the high position more difficult. Stomach on behalf of gastroesophageal surgery: In recent years, the domestic use of such surgical procedures, the stomach will be pedicled up, and the upper extremity of the esophagus coincide, this method will be referred to the stomach thorax or near the throat, reflux esophagitis can occur And vomiting and other sequelae. In some cases due to difficult to move the stomach, leaving a larger anastomotic tension prone fistula, resulting in surgical failure. Gut band esophagectomy: is the pedicle jejunum segment or colon