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“跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷”是马克思在探讨东方社会历史发展理论时对俄国社会发展道路所提出的伟大设想。在马克思看来,俄国农村公社的性质和发展前途证实可以实现这一设想;同时,马克思对实现这一设想的条件进行了界说。不幸的是马克思并没有在有生之年使设想导向事实。然而,学界往往把俄国十月社会主义革命的胜利和中国革命的胜利注解为设想的实现。对于这两个革命的胜利的界定必须还原到马克思他自己提出这一设想时的内在逻辑上来,必须对设想的提出、实现的前提及俄国和中国革命的胜利这三个方面本身进行深度耕犁,否则只不过是对设想的生拉硬套。
“Crossing the Capetin Gap of Capitalism” is a great assumption put forward by Marx in his discussion of the theory of the development of the eastern society in the course of social development in Russia. In Marx’s view, the nature and development of the Russian rural communes prove that this idea can be realized; at the same time, Marx defines the conditions for realizing this vision. Unfortunately, Marx did not direct the idea to reality in his lifetime. However, the academic circles often annotated the victory of Russia’s October socialist revolution and the victory of the Chinese revolution as the realization of the vision. The definition of the triumph of these two revolutions must be restored to the intrinsic logic of Marx’s own formulation of this idea. Deep plowing must be carried out on the three aspects of the formulation of the idea, the premise of its realization and the victory of Russia and the Chinese revolution Otherwise, it is nothing more than a concerted effort.