一、研究背景与研究问题近年来学者对中国公民社会的讨论越来越热,公民社会本是西方发达国家所经历的一个社会状态,在如今中国社会转型时期,中国公民社会的构建逐渐成为社会关注的热点。在许多人的观念中公民社会就等同于NGO、NPO等民间草根组织,而对于中国公民社会的研究也大都立足于关注这些民间组织的建立、发展与走向,其实这些认识都是不太妥当的。对于公民社会的分类有很多标准,本文将公民社会看作是除国家、市场之外的第三方组织或者社会 First, the research background and research issues Scholars in recent years, the discussion of civil society in China more and more hot, civil society is the western developed countries have experienced a social state, in today’s China’s social transformation, the construction of Chinese civil society has gradually become a society Concerned about the hot spots. In many people’s ideas, civil society is equivalent to non-governmental grass-roots organizations such as NGOs and NPOs. Most of the studies on Chinese civil society are based on the establishment, development and orientation of these non-governmental organizations. In fact, these understandings are not proper . There are many criteria for the classification of civil society. In this paper, civil society is regarded as a third-party organization or society other than the state and the market