针对长春地区农业生产中使用普通塑料地膜导致农田土壤污染现状,进行了普通地膜、不同种类可降解地膜和露地对照玉米田间试验,探讨可降解地膜对土壤水分、温度和玉米产量特性的影响。结果表明,可降解地膜的土壤水分含量比普通地膜高1.08%~3.9%,在玉米的不同生育时期,可降解地膜处理、普通地膜处理比露地对照0~15cm土壤温度要高。可降解地膜在播种后10d的出苗率比普通地膜的出苗率高37.3%~47.6%;在播种后20d的出苗率比普通地膜的出苗率高18.1%~33.6%。可降解地膜处理比普通地膜处理玉米产量高3.1%。研究认为,长春地区以可降解地膜替代普通地膜应用于农业生产具有可行性。 In order to investigate the status quo of soil pollution caused by common plastic film in agricultural production in Changchun area, the effects of degradable plastic film on soil moisture, temperature and yield characteristics of maize were studied in field experiments on common plastic film, different types of degradable plastic film and field control corn field. The results showed that the soil moisture content of degradable mulching film was 1.08% -3.9% higher than that of common mulching film. At different growth stages of maize, the degradable mulch film treatment was higher than that of 0 ~ 15cm soil mulching. The germination rate of degradable mulching film 10 days after sowing was 37.3% -47.6% higher than that of ordinary mulching film. The germination rate of the degradable mulching film was 18.1% -33.6% higher than that of common mulching film 20 days after sowing. Degradable plastic film mulching treatment than the average yield of 3.1%. According to the research, it is feasible to apply degradable plastic film instead of common plastic film to agricultural production in Changchun area.