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目的调查攀枝花市鼠疫自然疫源地情况,为鼠疫防控工作提供依据。方法 2014年3-12月采用笼(夹)捕法捕获小兽,对捕获动物及蚤类进行鉴定,检材分离鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌);利用间接血凝试验和胶体金试验检测鼠疫F1抗原及抗体;采集犬、猫、猪等指示动物血清检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果共捕获小兽192只,隶属3目3科10种,捕获率为4.14%,以小家鼠为优势种,占48.96%(94/192);5种小兽25只染蚤,获蚤71匹,隶属5科5属6种,染蚤率为13.02%,蚤指数0.37,室内以印鼠客蚤为优势种,占98.46%(64/65),室外以不等单蚤为优势种,占83.33%(5/6);采集指示动物血清283份,阳性31份(犬28份、猫2份、猪1份),阳性率为10.95%;回顾性调查表明无鼠疫及疑似鼠疫疫情发生的可能,96.77%指示动物(血清学阳性)为本地饲养,以拴(圈)养为主(83.87%)。结论攀枝花市地理景观、宿主动物和媒介昆虫等与相邻的云南省玉龙鼠疫疫源地类似,结合鼠疫阳性抗体分布情况,可能存在鼠疫自然疫源地和鼠疫疫情。
Objective To investigate the natural epidemic situation of plague in Panzhihua and provide basis for prevention and control of plague. Methods From December to December in 2014, small animals were captured by cage catching method, and the captured animals and fleas were identified. Yersinia pestis was isolated from the specimens. Indirect hemagglutination test and colloidal gold test Plague F1 antigen and antibody; collection dogs, cats, pigs and other indicators of animal serum detection of plague F1 antibodies. Results A total of 192 small beasts were captured, belonging to 10 orders, 3 orders, 3 orders, with a capture rate of 4.14%. The dominant species were Mus musculus, accounting for 48.96% (94/192). Five species of 25 were dyed fleas, 71 species, belonging to 5 families, 5 genera and 6 species, the rate of flea infection was 13.02% and flea index was 0.37. The indoor fleas were the dominant species, occupying 98.46% (64/65) , Accounting for 83.33% (5/6). 283 serum samples were collected and 31 were positive (28 dogs, 2 cats and 1 pig), the positive rate was 10.95%. Retrospective survey showed no plague and suspected plague outbreaks When possible, 96.77% of the animals (seropositive) were domesticated and tied (83.87%). Conclusion The geographical landscapes, host animals and vector insects of Panzhihua City are similar to those of the adjacent Yulongtun Epidemic in Yunnan Province. In view of the distribution of positive antibodies to the plague, plague natural foci and plague outbreaks may exist.