The base structure of in situ TiCp/Fe composites fabricated under industrial condition was changed by differentheat treatments. Erosive wear tests were carried out and the results were compared with that of wear-resistant whitecast iron. The results suggest that the wear resistance of the in situ TiCP/Fe composite is higher than that ofwear-resistant white cast iron under the sand erosive wear condition. The wear mechanism of the wear-resistantwhite cast iron was a cycle process that base surface was worn and carbides were exposed, then carbides was brokenand wear pits appeared. While the wear mechanism of in situ TiCP/Fe composite was a cycle process that basesurface was worn and TiC grains were exposed and dropped. The wear resistance of in situ TiCP/Fe composite waslower than that of wear-resistant white cast iron under the slurry erosive wear condition. Under such circumstance,the material was not only undergone erosive wear but also electrochemistry erosion due to the contact with waterin the medium. The wear behaviours can be a combination of two kinds of wear and the sand erosive wear is worsethan slurry erosive wear. The base structure of in situ TiCp / Fe composites fabricated under industrial conditions was changed by differentheat treatments. Erosive wear tests were carried out and the results were compared with that of wear-resistant whitecast iron. The results suggest that the wear resistance of the in situ TiCP / Fe composite is higher than that ofwear-resistant white cast iron under the sand erosive wear condition. The wear mechanism of the wear-resistantwhite cast iron was a cycle process that base surface was worn and carbides were exposed, then carbides was brokenand While the wear mechanism of in situ situ TiCP / Fe composite was a cycle process that basesurface was worn and TiC grains were exposed and dropped. The wear resistance of in situ TiCP / Fe composite waslower than that of wear-resistant white cast Under such circumstance, the material was not only undergone erosive wear but also electrochemistry erosion due to the contact with waterin the medium. The wear behaviors can be a combination of two kinds of wear and the sand erosive wear is worsethan slurry erosive wear.