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为研究激光冲击强化对6082铝合金性能的影响,利用波长为1064 nm、脉宽为15 ns、脉冲能量为0~8 J的Nd∶YAG激光器对6082铝合金进行工艺试验研究,采用表面粗糙度仪、显微硬度计、X射线应力分析仪和疲劳试验机分别对试件的表面粗糙度、显微硬度、残余应力和疲劳寿命进行测量。实验结果表明:激光能量为7 J,冲击4次时,在试件表面引入了坑穴和褶皱等微结构,使得表面形貌高低不平,粗糙度提高了2倍左右,使得表层材料发生塑性变形以及加工硬化,表面显微硬度提高了43%左右,最大残余压应力达-261 MPa,硬化层深度达700 mm左右,疲劳寿命提高了6.8倍左右,即激光冲击强化能够极大地改善6082铝合金的使役性能。
In order to study the effect of laser shock strengthening on the properties of 6082 aluminum alloy, 6082 aluminum alloy was tested by Nd:YAG laser with wavelength of 1064 nm, pulse width of 15 ns and pulse energy of 0 ~ 8 J. The surface roughness Instrument, microhardness tester, X-ray stress analyzer and fatigue tester were used to measure the surface roughness, microhardness, residual stress and fatigue life of the test piece respectively. The experimental results show that when the laser energy is 7 J and the impact is 4 times, pits and folds are introduced on the surface of the specimen. The surface morphology is rugged and the roughness is increased by about 2 times, resulting in the plastic deformation of the surface material And work hardening, the surface microhardness increased by about 43%, the maximum residual compressive stress of -261 MPa, the depth of the hardened layer of about 700 mm, 6.8 times the fatigue life increased by about the impact of laser shock can greatly improve the 6082 aluminum alloy The service performance.