红山文化玉器不是作为美术的装饰品而生产和使用的,是作为宗教信仰的法器而存在。要读懂这批玉器的文化蕴涵,需要先回溯到8000—5000年前神话思维时代先民的精神世界,确认史前人对玉石的崇拜和玉雕形象造型的观念初衷。这是一项非常具有挑战意义的工作。较有效的解读方法需要借助于几个方面的新知识,尝试还原性地回到5000年前的初民信仰世界:一是世界史前学的知识,二是比较神话学的知识,三是民族考古学的知识。本文评述文学人类学派对其中四种玉礼器的神话学解读尝试。 Hongshan culture jade is not used as a fine art ornaments and production, as a religious beliefs exist. To understand the cultural implication of these jade wares, we need to go back to the spiritual world of the ancestors in the mythical thinking era from 8000 to 5000 years ago, and to confirm the original intention of the prehistoric people to worship the jade stone and the jade carving. This is a very challenging job. A more effective method of interpretation requires the help of several new knowledge in an attempt to restore a reductive return to the world of Primitive Believers 5,000 years ago: one is the knowledge of world prehistory, the other is the comparison of mythological knowledge, and the third is the archeology of archeology knowledge. This article reviews the mythological interpretation of one of four jade etiquettes by literary anthropology.