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目的了解农村居民吸烟、饮酒、膳食、身体活动等慢性病相关生活行为方式,为开展农村地区慢性病防控提供建议。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法在万州区、大足区、綦江区与奉节县抽取农村居民进行面对面的问卷调查,数据经Epidata 3.02双录入后采用SPSS 12.0进行统计分析,采用卡方检验比较不同性别人群吸烟、饮酒、身体活动情况。结果共计调查1 528人,农村居民现在吸烟率为22.51%,42.28%的农村居民有被动吸烟史。过去12个月内饮酒率为22.84%,居民膳食以米面为主,蔬菜水果摄入达到《中国居民膳食指南》推荐标准,奶制品(21.47%)食用比例较低。44.31%的居民有高强度的劳动,68.52%的居民有中等强度的劳动,休闲时分别有2.55%与6.68%的居民有高强度与中等强度的体育活动,每天静态生活的时间为3 h。结论农村居民吸烟率与饮酒率较高,存在膳食不合理与身体活动不足的情况,应针对农村地区慢性病相关危险因素开展干预。
Objective To understand the lifestyle behaviors of rural residents such as smoking, drinking, diet, physical activity and other chronic diseases, and to provide suggestions for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in rural areas. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to survey rural residents in Wanzhou District, Dazu District, Qijiang District and Fengjie County for face-to-face questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 after double-entry with Epidata 3.02. Chi-square test was used to compare different gender People smoking, drinking, physical activity. Results A total of 1 528 people were surveyed. The current smoking rate among rural residents was 22.51%. 42.28% of rural residents had a history of passive smoking. In the past 12 months, the drinking rate was 22.84%. Residents’ meals were mainly rice. The intake of vegetables and fruits reached the recommended standard of “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.” The proportion of dairy products (21.47%) was low. 44.31% of residents have high-intensity labor, 68.52% of residents have moderate-intensity labor, 2.55% of residents and 6.68% of residents have high-intensity and moderate-intensity physical activity during leisure time, and the daily static life time is 3 hours. Conclusion Rural residents have higher smoking and drinking rates, unreasonable diet and lack of physical activity. Intervention should be made for the risk factors related to chronic diseases in rural areas.