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目的分析苏南地区1~14岁患儿同时出现变应性鼻炎(AR)和变应性结膜炎(AC)的特应性分布状态、临床特征,以及变应性鼻结膜炎与其他变应性疾病之间的关系。方法采集2015年6月~2015年9月114例1~14岁具有变应性鼻结膜炎症状的苏南地区(苏州、无锡、常州)患儿病史资料,包括就诊年龄、性别、出现症状年龄、病史月数、个人过敏史、父母过敏史。采用敏筛定量过敏原检测系统(Allergy Screen)筛查共计19类吸入组和食物组变应原特异性lg E(specific IgE,s IgE)及血清总IgE水平。归纳该组患儿吸入性变应原和食物变应原致敏的分布状态,按变应原类别及湿疹(EC)、荨麻疹或哮喘(AT)任一阳性分组分析各临床特征因子的影响作用,Logistic回归方法分析各临床特征与变应原致敏的相互关系。结果变应原筛查总阳性率为89.47%(102∕114);吸入组变应原、食物组变应原阳性率分别为89.47%(102∕114)、57.9%(66∕114);排名前四的过敏原分别为户尘螨、混合真菌、牛奶、狗毛皮屑。其中户尘螨阳性率最高(60.5%),其次为混合真菌(46.49%)、牛奶(27.19%)、狗毛皮屑(22.81%)。88.6%(101∕114)可确诊为变应性鼻结膜炎,其余可暂视为非变应性鼻结膜炎。变应原阳性102例,其中27例(26.5%)为单一阳性;75例(73.5%)伴发其他变应原阳性。114例中,仅7例(6.1%)表现为单一变应性疾病,107例(93.9%)伴有其他变应性疾病。联合变应性疾病排序情况为(AR+AC+AT+EC)>(AR+AC+EC)>(AR+AC)>(AR+AC+AT)。结论苏南地区1~14岁变应性鼻结膜炎患儿致敏变应原以吸入性变应原为主,其中户尘螨阳性率最高,其次为混合真菌。变应性鼻结膜炎变应原致敏多为早发、复合致敏,联合发生多种变应性疾病的可能性大。
Objective To analyze the atopic distribution, clinical features, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and other allergic rhinitis in children aged 1 ~ 14 years old in southern Jiangsu province during simultaneous onset of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) The relationship between sexually transmitted diseases. Methods A total of 114 children aged 1-14 years with symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SUZHOU, WUXI and CHANGZHOU) from June 2015 to September 2015 were enrolled in this study. The data including the age, gender, age of onset , History of months, personal allergies, parents allergy history. A total of 19 inhalation and dietary allergen-specific IgE (s IgE) and serum total IgE levels were screened using the Allergy Screen system. To summarize the distribution of allergen inhalation and allergen allergens in this group of children and analyze the influence of each clinical characteristic factor by allergen category and any positive subgroup of eczema (EC), urticaria or asthma (AT) Role, Logistic regression analysis of the correlation between clinical features and allergen sensitization. Results The positive rate of allergen screening was 89.47% (102/114). The positive rates of allergen and food allergen in inhalation group were 89.47% (102/114) and 57.9% (66/114) respectively. The first four allergens were house dust mites, mixed fungus, milk, dog dander. The highest positive rate of house dust mite was 60.5%, followed by mixed fungus (46.49%), milk (27.19%) and dog dander (22.81%). 88.6% (101/114) can be diagnosed as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, the rest can be temporarily regarded as non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Allergen positive in 102 cases, of which 27 cases (26.5%) were single positive; 75 cases (73.5%) were associated with other allergens positive. Of the 114 cases, only 7 (6.1%) showed a single allergic disease and 107 (93.9%) had other allergic diseases. The order of combination allergic diseases was (AR + AC + AT + EC)> (AR + AC + EC)> (AR + AC)> (AR + AC + AT). Conclusion Allergenic allergens in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis children aged 1-14 years old in southern Jiangsu Province are mainly inhaled allergens, of which the positive rate of house dust mites is the highest, followed by mixed fungi. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis allergen sensitization mostly early onset, complex sensitization, joint occurrence of a variety of allergic diseases is highly likely.