激光冲击成形(LPF)技术利用激光与物质相互作用时产生的等离子体冲击波进行塑性变形,它结合了激光冲击强化与塑性成形的优点,在大型复杂曲面零件成形、微机电系统结构元器件制造、装配、整形等领域具有深远应用前景。介绍了LPF的历史背景,根据变形模式将其分为凸面成形和凹面成形两大类,分析了成形机理和技术优势。在几何形状、材料性质、成形缺陷、分析手段等方面,阐述了其研究现状,并就其存在的主要问题和研究动态进行了深入讨论,指出了发展过程中面临的机遇和挑战。 The laser shock forming (LPF) technology uses the plasma shock waves generated when the laser interacts with the material to plastically deform. It combines the advantages of laser shock and plastic forming. It can be used in the forming of large and complex curved surface parts, the fabrication of MEMS components, Assembly, plastic surgery and other fields have far-reaching application prospects. The historical background of LPF is introduced. According to the deformation mode, the LPF is divided into two categories: convex forming and concave forming. The forming mechanism and technical advantages are analyzed. In the aspect of geometry, material properties, forming defects and analysis methods, the status quo of its research is expounded, and its main problems and research developments are discussed in depth. The opportunities and challenges in the development are pointed out.