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目的调查重庆地区女性的人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomaviruses,HPV)的宫颈感染现状及基因型分布特点。方法收集32 882份宫颈脱落细胞标本,采用凯普导流杂交原理进行HPV基因分型检测,对受检者感染结果进行统计分析。结果 1HPV总感染率是19.20%,HPV阳性感染患者例数中,以高危型为主,占81.12%。HPV感染型别中,以单一感染为主,占80.52%,二重感染占15.18%。221种HPV亚型均有被检出,HPV高危亚型检出率较高的有52(18.90%)、16(16.67%)、58(12.99%)。HPV低危亚型检出率较高的是CP8304(7.94%)、6(3.60%)。3不同年龄段的HPV亚型分布有差异,在≤20岁、21~30岁、31~40岁、41~50岁、51~60岁、61~70岁、≥71岁7个年龄段,高危型HPV感染率分别是22.22%、15.29%、14.52%、15.29%、19.50%、27.36%、38.36%,各组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=25.754,P<0.05)。结论重庆地区女性宫颈HPV的感染主要以高危型、单一感染为主,感染率较高的HPV亚型依次是52、16、58。
Objective To investigate the status of cervical infection and genotypic distribution of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in women in Chongqing. Methods 32 882 specimens of exfoliated cervical cells were collected. HPV genotyping was performed by using the principle of Kep Convection Hybridization, and the results of infection were analyzed statistically. Results The total infection rate of 1HPV was 19.20%. The number of cases with HPV positive infection was mainly high-risk type, accounting for 81.12%. Among the HPV infection types, single infection accounted for 80.52% and double infection accounted for 15.18%. 221 HPV subtypes were detected, and the highest detection rate of HPV high-risk subtypes was 52 (18.90%), 16 (16.67%) and 58 (12.99%). The highest detectable rates of HPV subtypes were CP8304 (7.94%), 6 (3.60%). There were differences in the distribution of HPV subtypes in different age groups. Among the seven age groups of ≤20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70 and ≥71, The infection rates of high-risk HPV were 22.22%, 15.29%, 14.52%, 15.29%, 19.50%, 27.36%, 38.36% respectively. There was significant difference among the groups (χ ~ 2 = 25.754, P <0.05). Conclusion The HPV infection of female cervix in Chongqing is mainly high-risk type and single-type infection, and the HPV subtype with higher infection rate is 52,16,58.