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目的:了解外科患者健康教育需求特点,并提出针对性的干预对策。方法:选取2016年1~4月浙江省德清县人民医院乾元分院外科住院收治的192例患者,采用自行设计的外科患者健康教育需求调查问卷进行调查,内容包括入院教育需求特点、手术前后教育需求特点、出院教育需求特点和出院后咨询需求特点。结果:在入院教育需求中,患者对规章制度和如何配合检查的需求较高。手术前患者更希望能够了解手术的疼痛情况、过程及手术配合,术后则希望了解恢复情况、如何控制不适、如何预防并发症。出院教育方面则希望了解出院后的锻炼方法、随诊复查、用药方案。出院后咨询需求患者更倾向于电话咨询或返院咨询。结论:外科患者围术期的教育需求具有多样化、阶段性的特点,也存在明显认知偏差的情况,应当针对患者的需求和认知,制定围术期的个性化教育方案,为患者提供全面的健康教育。
Objective: To understand the characteristics of health education needs of surgical patients, and put forward targeted interventions. Methods: A total of 192 patients admitted to the surgical hospital of Qianyuan Branch of Deqing People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January to April in 2016 were surveyed by questionnaire about their health education needs, including the characteristics of admission education, education before and after operation Demand characteristics, the characteristics of discharge education needs and post-discharge advisory needs characteristics. Results: There was a high demand for regulatory compliance and how to cooperate with patients in the demand for admission education. Preoperative patients also hope to understand the operation of the pain situation, the process and surgery, postoperative hope to understand the recovery, how to control discomfort, how to prevent complications. Discharge education is expected to know after exercise methods of exercise, follow-up review, medication program. After discharge, the patients who are in need of consultation are more likely to consult with the telephone or return to the hospital. CONCLUSION: Perioperative education needs of surgical patients are diversified and phased. There are also obvious cognitive biases. Perioperative personalized education programs should be formulated according to patients’ needs and cognitions. Patients should be provided with personalized education programs Comprehensive health education.