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目的:探讨中美两国青少年校园欺负受害状况的异同。方法:以1677名中国中学生和1814名美国中学生为被试,采用特拉华欺负受害量表(学生卷)(DBVS-S),对中美青少年在受言语欺负、身体欺负、关系欺负和网络欺负量表得分上的年级和性别差异进行跨文化比较。结果:(1)总体上中国和美国青少年欺负受害发生率存在显著的差异,与中国青少年相比,美国青少年除受“言语欺负”百分比较低且二者差异极显著外,受“身体欺负”、“关系欺负”和“网络欺负”的百分比均较高,其中受“关系欺负”和“网络欺负”的得分差异分别达到显著和极显著水平;(2)在受欺负的类型上,中美青少年都是受言语欺负比例最高、网络欺负占比最小,相比受身体欺负而言,美国青少年遭受关系欺负的比例更高。(3)中美两国青少年的欺负受害存在显著的性别差异,无论中国还是美国,男生的欺负受害发生率均显著地高于女生;(4)中国青少年欺负受害发生率存在显著的年级差异,美国青少年欺负受害发生率年级差异不显著,但两国青少年受欺负的发生率均为十一年级受欺负百分比最高,十二年级受欺负百分比最低。结论:中美青少年校园欺负受害发生率存在显著差异。
Objectives: To explore the similarities and differences of bullying and victimization of youth campuses in China and the United States. Methods: A total of 1,677 Chinese middle school students and 1,814 middle school students in the United States were enrolled in this study. The Delaware Bullying Scale (Student Vol.) (DBVS-S) was used to evaluate the impact of language bullying, bullying, Cross-cultural comparisons of grades and gender differences in bullying scale scores. Results: (1) On the whole, there was a significant difference between the incidence of bullying and victimization in adolescents in China and the United States. Compared with Chinese adolescents, adolescents in the United States, apart from their low percentage of “bully” and their significant difference, Body bullying “,” relationship bullying “and” cyber bullying “were higher, of which the scores of” relationship bullying “and” cyber bullying "reached significant and extremely significant levels, respectively; (2) In terms of the types of bullying, both young and middle-aged adolescents in China are the most bullied by speech and the least bully in cyber bullying. Compared with the body bullying, teenagers in the United States have a higher proportion of being bullied by their relationships. (3) There is a significant gender difference in the bullying and victimization of adolescents in China and the United States. Both China and the United States have significantly higher incidences of bullying and bruising than boys; (4) There is a significant grade difference in the incidence of bullying among adolescents in China, There was no significant difference in the incidence of bullying among teenagers in the United States. However, the incidence of bullying among teenagers in both countries was the highest in the eleventh grade and the lowest in the twelfth grade. Conclusion: There are significant differences in the incidence of bullying and victimization in Sino-American youth campuses.