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为探讨凤凰山单丛茶园土壤线虫群落特征,对4种类型茶园(古茶园、有机茶园、无公害茶园及普通茶园)土壤线虫进行了采样、分离和鉴定。结果表明:4种茶园中共鉴定到线虫19341条,分别隶属于2纲6目18科42属。古茶园Shannon指数显著低于其他3种茶园(P<0.05),有机茶园Shannon指数最高;古茶园和有机茶园土壤线虫丰富度指数和密度类群指数高于无公害茶园和普通茶园。4种茶园的土壤总线虫和类群数随土壤深度的加深呈递减分布;有机茶园中食细菌线虫和食真菌线虫数量显著高于其他茶园(P<0.05);古茶园和普通茶园植物寄生线虫成熟度指数(PPI)高于其他茶园,古茶园PPI/MI值较高,并与其他茶园存在显著差异(P<0.05),表明古茶树对土壤环境影响较大。综上所述,土壤线虫群落特征可反映不同管理方式下茶园土壤健康状况,土壤线虫可作为评价茶园土壤生态环境的重要指示生物。
In order to discuss the characteristics of soil nematode community in the single tea plantation of Fenghuang Mountain, soil nematodes of four types of tea plantations (ancient tea plantation, organic tea plantation, non-pollution tea plantation and common tea plantation) were sampled, isolated and identified. The results showed that 19341 nematodes were identified from 4 kinds of tea gardens, belonging to 42 genera, 18 orders, 18 families and 2 orders respectively. The Shannon index of ancient tea gardens was significantly lower than that of the other three kinds of tea gardens (P <0.05). Shannon index of organic tea gardens was the highest. The richness index and density index of soil nematodes in ancient tea gardens and organic tea gardens were higher than those of non-pollution tea gardens and common tea gardens. The numbers of soil total nematodes and taxa in four kinds of tea gardens decreased with the deepening of soil depth. The number of bacteria-eating nematodes and fungi-eating nematodes in organic tea gardens were significantly higher than those in other tea gardens (P <0.05). The maturity of parasitic nematodes in ancient tea gardens and common tea gardens The index (PPI) was higher than other tea farms. The ancient tea plantations had higher PPI / MI values and significant differences with other tea farms (P <0.05), indicating that ancient tea trees had a greater impact on soil environment. In summary, soil nematode community characteristics can reflect the soil health status of tea plantations under different management practices. Soil nematodes can be used as important indicator organisms for evaluating the ecological environment of tea plantation soils.