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试验选取银色黑鲷鱼(矛鲷)幼鱼,初始平均体重16.7 g,在生长性能不降低的情况下,用一定的大豆饲料(SP)代替饲料中的鱼粉(FM),为期两个月。6组含有等蛋白质(约50%)和等能量(约22.4 MJ·kg-1)的饲料分别用15%(SP15)、30%(SP30)、45%(SP45)、60%(SP60)和75%(SP75)的SP代替FM,日粮中的FM是主要的蛋白质来源。随着饲料中SP的增加,鲷鱼的采食量、生长性能、饲料利用率和干物质消化率、蛋白质和脂肪消化率显著降低(P<0.05)。SP75组鲷鱼的肝指数(HSI)显著升高,体脂含量和血浆中胆固醇、甘油三酯和及低密度脂蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05);赖氨酸、组氨酸、蛋氨酸和苯丙氨酸浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。随着日粮中SP含量的增加,鲷鱼体内甘氨酸和牛磺酸含量降低。幽门盲囊和前、中、后肠中胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶活性显著下降(P<0.05)。SP75组鲷鱼产生贫血症状,血红细胞计数和红细胞压积降低,但细胞平均体积增加。血清无机磷和碱性磷酸酶活性随着SP含量的增加,先降低后增加,且作用效果显著(P<0.05)。采用折线回归法处理饲料转化率(FCR)和体重(WG)数据,结果表明,日粮中SP替代FM的适宜量为16.5%~27.3%。
The experiment selected juvenile silver black snapper (Porphyra sp.) With an initial average body weight of 16.7 g, replacing the fishmeal (FM) in the feed with a certain amount of soybean feed (SP) for two months with no loss of growth performance. 6 groups of feed containing 15% (SP15), 30% (SP30), 45% (SP45), 60% (SP60) and 50% 75% (SP75) of SP replaces FM and FM in diet is the major source of protein. The feed intake, growth performance, feed utilization and dry matter digestibility, protein and fat digestibility of snapper decreased significantly with the increase of dietary SP (P <0.05). The liver index (HSI) in SP75 group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The levels of body fat and plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL were significantly increased (P <0.05); lysine, histidine and methionine And phenylalanine significantly decreased (P <0.05). With the increase of SP content in diet, the content of glycine and taurine in seabream decreased. The activity of trypsin, lipase and α-amylase in the pyloric sac and the anterior, middle and hindgut significantly decreased (P <0.05). The seabream in the SP75 group developed anemia, reduced red blood cell count and hematocrit, but increased the average cell volume. Serum inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased first and then increased with the increase of SP content, and the effect was significant (P <0.05). The feed conversion rate (FCR) and body weight (WG) data were processed by the polyline regression method. The results showed that the suitable amount of SP replacement FM in the diet was 16.5% -27.3%.