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目的:评估“3.28”王家岭矿难发生后获救矿工的急性应激反应(ASR)及相关因素。方法:以王家岭矿难中资料完整的81例获救矿工为研究对象,在矿工获救后2周内用斯坦福急性应激反应量表(SASRQ)评估ASR,同时对获救矿工进行社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)及一般状况的评估。结果:81例被调查者中,SASRQ总分介于40～56分者占11.1%,57～150分者占16.0%;有分离症状者34.6%,有创伤再体验症状者38.3%,有回避症状者31.9%,有焦虑或醒觉性增高症状者46.9%。相关分析显示,SASRQ的回避分与烟龄呈负相关(r=-0.31,P<0.01),激惹分与既往创伤史呈正相关(r=0.28,P<0.05);SASRQ总分、SASRQ分量表分(除回避分量表分)与不成熟的应对方式呈正相关(r=0.23～0.31,P<0.05)。SASRQ总分和各分量表分均与最糟糕的天数、烦恼程度及CSQ的幻想分呈正相关(r=0.35～0.40,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,烦恼程度(B=1.58,P<0.05)、最糟糕的天数(B=0.66,P<0.01)和应对方式幻想分(B=0.35,P<0.05)与SASRQ总分呈正相关。结论:王家岭矿难获救矿工在获救后的2周内存在明显的急性应激症状,烦恼程度越重、最糟糕的天数越长、应对方式幻想值越高则矿工发生急性应激相关障碍的可能性越大。
Objective: To assess the acute stress response (ASR) and related factors of rescued miners after the “3.28 ” Wangjialing mine disaster. Methods: A total of 81 salvaged miners with complete data in Wangjialing mine were selected as research objects. SASRQ was used within 2 weeks after the miners were rescued to evaluate ASR. At the same time, the social support rating scale SSRS), Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ) and general status assessment. Results: Of the 81 respondents, the SASRQ score was 11.1% with a score of 40-56 and 16.0% with a score of 57-150; 34.6% with symptoms of seizure, and 38.3% with traumatic re-experience symptoms were avoided Symptoms were 31.9%, 46.9% had symptoms of anxiety or arousal. Correlation analysis showed that SASRQ score was negatively correlated with cigarette smoking age (r = -0.31, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between irritation score and previous trauma history (r = 0.28, P <0.05) Table scores (except for the subscales) were positively correlated with immature coping styles (r = 0.23-0.31, P <0.05). SASRQ scores and subscales were positively correlated with the worst days, levels of distress and CSQ fantasy scores (r = 0.35-0.40, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the scores of distress (B = 1.58, P <0.05), worst days (B = 0.66, P <0.01) and coping style fantasy scores Related. Conclusion: The mine rescue workers in Wangjialing had obvious symptoms of acute stress within 2 weeks after rescuing, the heavier the worries, the longer the worst days, the higher the coping style fantasy value, the more likely the miners would be related to the acute stress-related disorder The more sex.