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目的分析某水电生产企业运行期间存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,确定职业病危害关键控制点。方法采用检查表法、职业卫生调查法、检测检验法、工程分析法相结合的原则,对职业病危害进行识别和评价。结果该企业存在的职业病危害因素主要有噪声、工频电场、振动、夏季高温、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、正己烷、丙酮、电焊烟尘和氡。职业病危害因素监测结果显示,噪声强度检测38个点,其中3个检测点噪声强度超过85 d B(A),其中检修廊道2号机尾水人孔处的噪声强度最大达到93.4 d B(A);个体噪声强度检测5个巡检岗位,其中有2个(占40%)超过职业卫生限值。其余所测职业病危害因素检测结果符合国家卫生标准。结论该企业职业病危害因素较复杂,主要职业病危害因素为噪声和工频电场,应从职业病危害发生的关键控制部位加强防治工作。
Objective To analyze the hazard factors of occupational diseases and their harmfulness during operation of a hydropower producer and determine the key control points of occupational disease hazards. Methods The principle of combination of checklist, occupational health survey, test and test, and project analysis was used to identify and evaluate occupational hazards. Results The main hazards of occupational diseases in this enterprise are noise, power frequency electric field, vibration, high temperature in summer, benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hexane, acetone, welding dust and radon. The monitoring results of occupational hazards showed that the noise intensity was detected at 38 points, of which the noise intensity at three detection points exceeded 85 d B (A), of which the noise intensity at the manhole of tailrace manhole 2 of the corridor reached a maximum of 93.4 d B ( A); Individual noise intensity testing 5 inspection positions, of which 2 (40%) exceeded the occupational health limit. The rest of the measured occupational hazards test results in line with national health standards. Conclusion The factors of occupational hazards in this enterprise are complicated. The main occupational hazards are noise and power frequency electric field. Prevention and control work should be strengthened from the key control sites where occupational diseases occur.