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为了解决杂交粳稻主要品质性状的选育问题,选用5个BT型不育系和40个三系粳稻恢复系,采用p×q不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)设计,配制200个杂交组合及其亲本为试验材料,对Fl品质性状的杂种优势、配合力及遗传力进行分析。结果表明:(1)除长/宽外,其余10个品质性状均有一定程度的超高亲优势,11个品质性状均有一定的正向均亲优势;(2)糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、粒长和直链淀粉含量等7个品质性状的遗传以加性效应为主,粒宽、长/宽、碱消值和胶稠度等4个品质性状的遗传以非加性效应为主;(3)除了粒长和长/宽以外,其他9个品质性状受恢复系影响较大;(4)各品质性状狭义遗传力的大小顺序依次为垩白粒率﹥垩白度﹥整精米率﹥精米率﹥直链淀粉含量﹥糙米率﹥胶稠度﹥粒长﹥碱消值﹥长/宽﹥粒宽。
In order to solve the breeding problems of main quality traits in japonica hybrid rice, five BT lines and 40 lines of three-line Japonica restorer lines were selected. Using p × q incomplete diallel cross (NCⅡ) design, 200 hybrid combinations The parents were used as experimental materials to analyze the heterosis, combining ability and heritability of F1 quality traits. The results showed that: (1) In addition to length / width, the other 10 quality traits all had a certain degree of superior pro-dominant, and 11 quality traits all had positive average relative progenies; (2) Brown rice rate, milled rice rate, The inheritance of seven quality traits such as milled rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalky grain length, grain length and amylose content were mainly additive effects, including grain width, length / width, base value and gel consistency (3) In addition to grain length and length / width, the other 9 quality traits were greatly affected by the restorer line; (4) The order of the narrow heritability of each quality trait was Chalkiness rate> milled rice rate> milled rice rate> amylose content> brown rice rate> gel consistency> grain length> base value> length / width> grain width.