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权利能力的德文表达是“Rechtsf(a|¨)igkeit”。“Rechtsf(a|¨)igkeit”的直译应当是“法律能力”。而我们之所以采用“权利能力”的译名,乃是基于我们对西方法学“权利本位”的判断。从构形上而言,“Recht”是修饰“F(a|¨)igkeit”的,“能力”理当是“法律或者权利”的基础,可是在被移植到中国来后,“权利”成了主宰,“能力”反而隐而不显。本文主要是追溯以权利为主导思想的中国法文化,是如何一步一步地去理解“权利能力”这个概念的内涵和外延的。在进行历史考察的基础上,努力从“能力”的奠基性出发,重新解读“Rechtsf(a|¨)igkeit”一词。
German expression of right ability is “Rechtsf (a | ¨) igkeit”. Literal translation of “Rechtsf (a | ¨) igkeit ” should be “legal capacity ”. And the reason why we adopt the translation of “power ability” is based on our judgment of western law “right-oriented ”. From the perspective of composition, “Recht ” is the basis for modifying “F (a | ¨) igkeit ” and “ability ” should be the “law or right After coming, ”right“ has become the master, ”ability“ instead of hidden but not significant. This paper mainly traces back to the Chinese legal culture with the dominant ideology of rights as a step-by-step way to understand the connotation and denotation of the concept of ”power ability“. On the basis of historical investigation, we should try our best to start from the foundation of ”ability “ and reinterpret the term ”Rechtsf (a | ¨) igkeit ".