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目的:通过对乌鲁木齐市孕妇剖宫产率,不同时期、民族剖宫产率的比较,以及对剖宫产发生的相关因素分析,找出影响剖宫产发生的主要因素。方法:进行回顾性分析,采用χ2检验、率和构成比。结果:2004～2009年的剖宫产率分别为58.70%、60.42%、53.54%、49.30%、55.95%和52.31%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=168.46,P<0.01),2005年的剖宫产率达到高峰(60.42%),2007年的剖宫产率最低(49.30%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=120.05,P<0.01);汉族的剖宫产率明显高于维吾尔族(维族)的剖宫产率;2004年与2009年相比,维族(9.64%/14.90%)较汉族(42.58%/31.09%)的剖宫产率明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=215.65,P<0.01);在影响剖宫产的各因素中,社会因素居首,瘢痕子宫、胎儿窘迫、羊水过少等各占一定比例。结论:通过对孕妇进行产前宣传教育、加强产时监护和保健、医师严格掌握剖宫产手术指征、呼吁社会支持、改善医疗环境等方法来降低剖宫产率,为今后更好地开展妇幼保健工作提供帮助。
OBJECTIVE: To find out the main factors influencing the incidence of cesarean section through the comparison of cesarean section rate, different periods, ethnic cesarean section rate and cesarean section incidence in Urumqi. Methods: The retrospective analysis, using χ2 test, rate and composition ratio. Results: The rates of cesarean section from 2004 to 2009 were 58.70%, 60.42%, 53.54%, 49.30%, 55.95% and 52.31%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ2 = 168.46, P <0.01) The rate of cesarean section reached the peak (60.42%), the lowest rate of cesarean section (49.30%) in 2007 (χ2 = 120.05, P <0.01); the rate of cesarean section in Han nationality was significantly higher than that of Uighur Uygur). The rate of cesarean section in Uygur nationality (9.64% / 14.90%) was significantly higher than that in Han nationality in 2004 (42.58% / 31.09%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 215.65 , P <0.01). Among the various factors affecting cesarean section, social factors ranked first, scarring uterus, fetal distress, oligohydramnios and so on accounted for a certain proportion. CONCLUSIONS: The cesarean section rate can be lowered by means of prenatal publicity and education for pregnant women, strengthening of antenatal care and health care, physicians strictly controlling indications for cesarean section, calling for social support and improving the medical environment MCH work to help.