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本文采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）和采用试管稀释法测定最低杀菌浓度（ＭＢＣ），对比研究了头孢他美与其他４种头孢菌素的体外抗菌活性。结果表明：头孢他美对革兰阳性球菌中的肺炎链球菌，无乳链球菌抗菌活性很强，与头孢克洛相似或略强，而比其他对照药头孢拉定、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟要强；对葡萄球菌属和肠球菌属抗菌作用较差。对革兰阴性杆菌中的变形杆菌属、福氏志贺菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、伤寒沙门菌、沙雷菌属等肠杆菌科细菌有很强的抗菌活性，与第三代头孢菌素头孢噻肟接近或略强，比其他一、二代口服头孢菌素要强。对不动杆菌属作用亦很好，比其他４种对照药作用略强；对阴沟肠杆菌ＭＩＣ５０为４ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＭＩＣ９０为≥１２８ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，表明存在部分耐药菌株。对摩氏摩根菌作用较弱。头孢他美对产酶菌株的敏感率为７５％。对肺炎链球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌ＭＢＣ／ＭＩＣ≤４的菌株占９６．７％。结论：头孢他美对链球菌属、多数肠杆菌科细菌、不动杆菌属等临床常见致病菌杀菌作用很强，对β－内酰胺酶稳定，为一较强的杀菌剂。
In this paper, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by in vitro dilution method. The antibacterial activities of ceftazidime and four other cephalosporins were compared in vitro. The results showed that ceftazidime had strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae in gram-positive cocci, similar or slightly stronger than cefaclor, but stronger than ceftazidime, cefuroxime and cefotaxime ; Staphylococcus and Enterococcus antibacterial effect is poor. Gram-negative bacilli Proteus, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Serratia and other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria have strong antibacterial activity, and the first Third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime close or slightly stronger than the other one or two oral cephalosporins stronger. The role of Acinetobacter is also very good, slightly stronger than the other four kinds of control drug; Enterobacter cloacae MIC50 is 4mg · L-1, MIC90 is ≥ 128mg · L-1, indicating that there are some drug-resistant strains. Morgane’s role is weaker. Ceftazidime sensitive to the enzyme-producing strains of 75%. Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae MBC / MIC ≤ 4 accounted for 96.7%. Conclusion: Ceftazidime is a strong fungicide against Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter and other clinical pathogens. It has strong bactericidal effect on β-lactamase and is a strong fungicide.