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目的研究空降兵事故性伤害及其危险因素,为预防措施提供科学依据。方法用调查表的形式对6844名空降兵在跳伞活动中的伤害进行横断面调查,注重伤害的频率和危险因素分析。结果空降兵跳伞伤害发生率为13.9/1000次伞降,以人数计为24.5%。着陆时发生的伤害占86.2%。随着空降暴露水平(次.年)的升高,伤害率和累积危险度均明显升高。降落地面不平坦、风速高和携带武器跳伞是导致伤害的主要危险因素。随着士兵体重的增加,伤害率明显升高,而身高与伤害没有明显的联系。结论该部空降兵的伤害率处于较高的水平,且与跳伞次数和服役年限有剂量-反应关系。研制适合我国空降兵的新型降落伞和踝关节支架是预防着陆伤害的主要作务,还应制定体重的最大允许限值来作为空降兵入伍体检的筛选指标。
Objective To study accidental injury of airborne troops and its risk factors, and to provide a scientific basis for preventive measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey of the injuries of 6,844 airborne soldiers during parachuting was conducted by means of questionnaire, focusing on the frequency and risk factors of injury. As a result, the parachute injury rate of airborne soldiers was 13.9 per 1,000 parachute drops, accounting for 24.5% of the population. The damage that took place on landing accounted for 86.2%. With the increase of airborne exposure level (times a year), injury rate and cumulative risk increased significantly. Landing uneven ground, high wind speed and carrying a parachuting arms are the main risk factors leading to injury. As the weight of the soldier increases, the injury rate increases significantly, while there is no obvious relationship between height and injury. Conclusions The injury rate of the paratroopers in this department is at a high level and dose-response relationship with the number of parachutes and service life. The development of new parachutes and ankle brackets suitable for our country’s paratroopers is the main task of preventing land-based injuries. The maximum allowable body weight limit should also be set as a screening index for the airborne troops entering the medical examination.